The incidence of sudden cardiac arrest has increased, especially among the younger population. Many awareness problems are conducted to teach people about the symptoms of sudden cardiac arrest and also demonstrations of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).

History of CPR

 In the 17th century, if a person suddenly lost consciousness and stopped breathing, people used to beat the person with sticks or place a hot pot on his stomach. This was done so that the sudden shock would make the person regain consciousness. However, these methods did not work.

Sometime after, people used the bellows method to resuscitate people who suffered cardiac arrest. This involved placing a fireplace bellow in the patient’s nose and blowing hot air into the lungs. This method did not work effectively and even caused damage to the lungs.

Then the cardiac arrest patients were placed on the horse or the barrel. The movement caused due to this was believed to create a sudden shock but still was not working.

Then came the cloth method. A cloth was placed around the patient’s chest and it was pulled to create compressions of the chest. This method worked but the success rate was very low.

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Also Read: The Golden Hour: Why the First Hour is the Most Important after a Heart Attack

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In 1865, when Abraham Lincoln was shot, he did not die immediately. This was when the basic of CPR was born. One cardiology doctor put his fingers in Lincoln’s mouth to keep the airway open. Another doctor was pulling on Lincoln’s hands to help expand the lungs. The third doctor was creating compressions of the heart. These are the ABCs of CPR – Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.

Only in the 20th century, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation became a popular technique for reviving drowned victims.

During open heart surgery, if the heart stops internal chest compressions are given to restart the heart. Then, external heart compressions came into existence.

Now the ABCs of CPR have become CAB. Chest compressions are the most important – 100-160 times a minute. Then airway breathing for every 30 compressions.

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